Selected Publications
- Exchange in Ancient Greece (London: Duckworth 1995)
- Money in Ptolemaic Egypt (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2007)
- Money in Classical Antiquity (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2010)
- Die Antike Wirtschaft (München/Berlin: de Gruyter 2015)
- als Hrsg./as ed.: Handbook of Ancient Afro-Eurasian Economies, Vol. 1: Contexts (Berlin/Boston: de Gruyter 2019)
FRIAS Project
Beyond the Silk Road: Economic Development, Exchange and Interimperiality in the Afro-Eurasian World (300 BCE to 300 CE)
The project explores small to mid-size regional networks of exchange in so-called frontier zones as crucial factors for ancient Transeurasian exchange and trade. It aims to argue that frontier zones emerging from economic, infrastructural, technological and institutional development related to imperial expansion were crucial for inter-imperial exchanges – normally captured by the misleading notion of Silk Road trade. The centuries from 300 BCE to 300 CE were a period of intense empire transformation involving also new regions of the Afro-Eurasian zone. Centres of consumption increased and changed their nature, affecting production, settlement, and regional exchange networks. Imperial centres changed their fiscal regimes and exploited new areas of natural resources, as well as taking advantage of existing local exchange networks. The development of imperial frontier zones of intense exchange and mobility, I argue, was related to changing fiscal-military-administrative regimes, the development of media of exchange and infrastructures, as well as institutional change. The project aims to shift the focus from imperial centres to so-called imperial peripheries as the driving factors of inter-imperial change in a relatively cohesive global period of six centuries. This model of Afro-Eurasian connectivity aims to revise some problematic assumptions both of Silk Road trade and World Systems Theory, without questioning the Afro-Eurasian world-region as a meaningful unit for cultural and economic analysis.